SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Distributed networking</title>

</head>

Distributed networking

</h1>

</header>

Distributed networking is a <a href="Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed computing</a> network system where components of the program and data depend on multiple sources.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div>

Distributed networking, used in <a href="Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed computing</a>, is the network system over which <a href="Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer programming</a>, <a href="Software" title="Software">software</a>, and its data are spread out across more than one computer, but communicate complex messages through their nodes (computers), and are dependent upon each other. The goal of a distributed network is to share resources, typically to accomplish a single or similar goal.<a href="#cite_note-Balda-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Srinivasa-2">[2]</a> Usually, this takes place over a <a href="Computer_network" title="Computer network">computer network</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Balda-1">[1]</a> however, <a href="Cloud_computing_architecture" title="Cloud computing architecture">internet-based computing</a> is rising in popularity.<a href="#cite_note-Jia-3">[3]</a> Typically, a distributed networking system is composed of <a href="Process_(computing)" title="Process (computing)">processes</a>, <a href="Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">threads</a>, <a href="User_agent" title="User agent">agents</a>, and <a href="Distributed_object" title="Distributed object">distributed objects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Jia-3">[3]</a> Merely distributed physical components is not enough to suffice as a distributed network; typically distributed networking uses <a href="Concurrency_(computer_science)" title="Concurrency (computer science)">concurrent</a> program execution.<a href="#cite_note-Srinivasa-2">[2]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Client/server">Client/server</h3></div>

<a href="Client%E2%80%93server_model" title="Client–server model">Client/server</a> computing is a type of distributed computing where one computer, a client, requests data from the server, a primary computing center, which responds to the client directly with the requested data, sometimes through an agent. Client/server distributed networking is also popular in web-based computing.<a href="#cite_note-Jia-3">[3]</a> Client/Server is the principle that a client computer can provide certain capabilities for a user and request others from other computers that provide services for the clients. The <a href="World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">Web's</a> <a href="Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">Hypertext Transfer Protocol</a> is basically all client/server.<a href="#cite_note-Balda-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Maly-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agent-based">Agent-based</h3></div>

A distributed network can also be <a href="Agent-based_model" title="Agent-based model">agent-based</a>, where what controls the agent or component is loosely defined, and the components can have either pre-configured or dynamic settings.<a href="#cite_note-Jia-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decentralized">Decentralized</h3></div>

<a href="Decentralized_computing" title="Decentralized computing">Decentralization</a> is where each computer on the network can be used for the computing task at hand, which is the opposite of the client/server model. Typically, only idle computers are used, and in this way, it is thought that networks are more efficient.<a href="#cite_note-Maly-5">[5]</a> <a href="Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer"> Peer-to-peer (P2P)</a> computation is based on a decentralized, distributed network, including the <a href="Distributed_ledger" title="Distributed ledger">distributed ledger</a> technology such as <a href="Blockchain" title="Blockchain">blockchain</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a>

<a href="Mesh_networking" title="Mesh networking">Mesh networking</a> is a local network composed of devices (nodes) that was originally designed to communicate through radio waves, allowing for different types of devices. Each node is able to communicate with every other node on the network.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Advantages_of_distributed_networking">Advantages of distributed networking</h2></div>

Prior to the 1980s, computing was typically centralized on a single low-cost desktop computer.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> But today, computing resources (computers or servers) are typically physically distributed in many places, which distributed networking excels at. Some types of computing doesn't scale well past a certain level of <a href="Parallel_computing" title="Parallel computing">parallelism</a> and the gains of superior hardware components, and thus is <a href="Bottleneck_(software)" title="Bottleneck (software)">bottle-necked</a>, such as by <a href="Very_long_instruction_word" title="Very long instruction word">Very Large Scale Instruction Words</a>. By increasing the number of computers rather than the power of their components, these bottlenecks are overcome. Situations where <a href="Shared_resource" title="Shared resource">resource sharing</a> becomes an issue, or where higher <a href="Fault_tolerance" title="Fault tolerance">fault tolerance</a> is needed also find aid in distributed networking.<a href="#cite_note-Srinivasa-2">[2]</a> Distributed networking is also very supportive of higher levels of anonymity.<a href="#cite_note-Sy-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cloud_computing">Cloud computing</h2></div>

Enterprises with rapid growth and scaling needs may find it challenging to maintain their own distributed network under the traditional client/server computing model. Cloud Computing is the utility of distributed computing over Internet-based applications, storage, and computing services. A cloud is a cluster of computers or servers that are closely connected to provide <a href="Scalability" title="Scalability">scalable</a>, high-capacity computing or related tasks.<a href="#cite_note-Srinivasa-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></li>

<li><a href="Data_center" title="Data center">Data center</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributed_data_store" title="Distributed data store">Distributed data store</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributed_file_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Distributed file system">Distributed file system</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">Distributed computing</a></li>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite id="CITEREFBalda2015" class="citation journal cs1">Balda, Braveem (April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ijcsmc.com/docs/papers/April2015/V4I4201599a43.pdf">"Security Enhancement in Distributed Networking"</a> (PDF). International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing. 4 (4): 761. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Srinivasa-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Srinivasa_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Srinivasa_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Srinivasa_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Srinivasa_2-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFSrinivasaMuppalla2015" class="citation book cs1">Srinivasa, K.G.; Muppalla, Anil Kumar (Feb 2015). Guide to High Performance Distributed Computing: Case Studies with Hadoop, Scalding and Spark (Computer Communications and Networks). Springer. pp. 4–8. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3319134963</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Jia-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jia_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jia_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jia_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jia_3-3">d</a> <cite id="CITEREFWeijaZhou2004" class="citation book cs1">Weija, Jia; Zhou, Wanlei (Dec 2004). Distributed Network Systems: From Concepts to Implementations. Springer. pp. xvii-6. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0387238395</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFTsenov2007" class="citation book cs1">Tsenov, Martin (June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1330637">"Example of communication between distributed network systems using web services"</a>. Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Computer systems and technologies - CompSysTech '07. p. 1. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1145%2F1330598.1330637">10.1145/1330598.1330637</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9789549641509</bdi>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1873704">1873704</a>. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Maly-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Maly_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Maly_5-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMaly" class="citation web cs1">Maly, Robin Jan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pub.tik.ee.ethz.ch/students/2002-2003-Wi/SA-2003-16.pdf">"Comparison of centralized (client-server) and decentralized (peer-to-peer) networking. Semester thesis"</a> (PDF). ETH Zurich. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFPiliouras2004" class="citation book cs1">Piliouras, Teresa C. (Dec 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crcpress.com/Network-Design-Second-Edition-Management-and-Technical-Perspectives/Piliouras/p/book/9780849316081">Network Design, Second Edition: Management and Technical Perspectives</a> (2nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 353. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780849316081</bdi>. Retrieved 25 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMearian2018" class="citation web cs1">Mearian, Lucas (31 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180924111259/https://www.computerworld.com/article/3191077/security/what-is-blockchain-the-most-disruptive-tech-in-decades.html">"What is blockchain? The most disruptive tech in decades"</a>. Computerworld. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/3191077/security/what-is-blockchain-the-most-disruptive-tech-in-decades.html">the original</a> on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRaval" class="citation web cs1">Raval, Siraj. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/decentralized-applications/9781491924532/ch01.html">"Chapter 1. What Is a Decentralized Application?"</a>. O'Reilly Safari. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyextra.com/period/20th-century/a-brave-new-world-the-1980s-home-computer-boom/">"A brave new world: the 1980s home computer boom"</a>. History Extra. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Sy-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Sy_10-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSy2011" class="citation book cs1">Sy, Denh (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2049204">Anonymous yet traceable wireless mesh networking</a>. California State University. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-124-40072-3</bdi>. Retrieved 25 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/oth/23/01/T23010000090001PDFE.pdf">"Distributed Computing: Utilities, Grids & Clouds"</a> (PDF). ITU-T Technology Watch Report. 9. 2009. Retrieved 24 September 2018.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-02-04" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Distributed_networking&oldid=1203100928">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>